The main objective of this dissertation is to contribute to understanding the contemporary transformations of capitalism building on Jean Baudrillard’s depiction of the world after WWII as a ‘consumer society’. The development of capitalism has changed the way that society lives, principally as relates to consumption, because while commodities produced under the capitalist mode of production may satisfy some social needs, this is a consequence of the final objective - value accumulation. However, capitalist economic development contains a contradiction. That contradiction is the unlimited potential to produce combined with the limited capacity to consume which is why capitalism must continuously increase the necessity to consume in order to realize value. In this form, capitalism increasingly needs to bring cultural, social, political and ideological elements into the process of accumulation. Consumer society appears when these elements (principally cultural and ideological values) come under the increasing command of the consumption process because needs are more focused on social values than on objects, and satisfaction comes primarily from the adoption of values that Baudrillard explains with his theory of sign value. This dissertation focused on developed countries during the post-war period in order to analyze all of the factors that made the creation of a consumer society possible. Additionally, this research aimed to interrogate the analyses of the theories of necessity of Adam Smith, Alfred Marshall and Karl Mark, and following, the theories of Andre Granou and Jean Baudrillard.